What is the role of the anterior scalene muscle in thoracic outlet syndrome?

The anterior scalene muscle is a critical structure in the context of thoracic outlet syndrome, primarily because it can contribute to the compression of the neurovascular bundle, which includes the brachial plexus and subclavian vessels. When the anterior scalene becomes tight or hypertrophied due to overuse, poor posture, or injury, it can narrow the space through which these nerves and blood vessels pass. This compression is a significant factor in thoracic outlet syndrome, leading to symptoms such as pain, numbness, and weakness in the shoulders and arms.

Furthermore, while the anterior scalene does have roles in facilitating shoulder girdle movement, supporting the clavicle, and stabilizing the cervical spine, its connection to the neurovascular structures and the resulting impact on blood flow and nerve conduction makes the role in compression the most pertinent issue in the context of thoracic outlet syndrome. Understanding this mechanism is essential for effectively addressing and treating the symptoms associated with this condition in massage therapy and other therapeutic practices.